Oil-burner



A. J. PIERCE.

(Model.)

OIL BURNER.

No. 398,536. Patented Feb. 26, 1889.

.STE/IM NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ADREV J. PIERCE, Ol RACINE, lVlSCOSI.

OIL.=BURNER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,536, dated February 26, 1889.

Application tiled February 28, 1888. Serial No. 265 ,618. (Model.)

T 0 all whom t may concern.-

Be it known that l, ANDREW J. PIERCE, ol Racine, in the county of Racine and State ot W 1sconsin,have invented certain Improve inents in Oil-Burners, of which the following' 1s a specification. t

My invention relates tio that class of de vices in which the oil is shattered and at'ointherein around the valve-spindle from the deized and driven into a retort or combustion chamber hyV the direct action of a jet ot steain; and it consists in various details of construction, hereinafter set tort-h, having in view the simplification and cheapening of the burner, an increase in its capacity for delivery, and convenience in the removal ot' obstructions troni its interior.

In the accompanying;` drawingraltigure l is a .perspective view of iny complete vinn-ner. Fig. 2 1s a horizontal axial section of the saine.' 3 is a cross-section on the line Fig. 4 is an axial section through the steam-controlling cock, adjusted in position. to permit the introduction of a cleaning-tool. Fig. 5 1s an outline elevation showing the .inanner in which the burner is commonly conl turning the valve-spindle forward the oil-disW neeted with the boiler.

Referring to the drawings, A. represents a stationarysteain stop-cock having an angular forni, with a here or passage, a, therethrough, and a rotary plug, Z), to control said passage. The here ol' the cool; emerges at one end through a n eel; having,r a coupling, c, or equivalentl ineans for the attachment of the steamsupply pipe. At the opposite end the here extends centrally through the tubular neck or extension d, which is provided with the external screw-thread, e. at its inner end, and reduced and made ot' cylindrical iorin at the outer end. Over and around the steam-conductingi neck d applied a tubulin valvespindle, l, having' its rear end secured. upon the thread c, and prelerallly, hut not necessarily. recessed to rec-ei ve the internal paekin f. Ati its t'orward end the valve-spindle lis inade ot' a conical or taperingy lornl externally, and provided with the central cavity or depression, g, troni which a small opening', 7l, extends axially into the interior, torininothe sole outlet for the steam.

The valve-spindle Bis reduced in diameter externally7 at its tol-ward end, and provided with an external screw-threadyi, and is inelosed by a stationary tubular shell or cap, C, t-he rear end ot' which is screwed closely upon the thread `i. At its forward end the cap is provided with the single discharge-orifice 7i', in line with and of somewhat greater diameter than the valveorii"1ce 71,. Internally the cap is enlarged or bored out at its forward end in such manner as to leave an annular space, m,

livery-orifice rearward a suitable distance. A tuhular neck, n, ou the. side of the cap, adapted for connection with an oil-supply pipe, delivers the oil into the rear end oi' the annular space, through which the oil flows in a forward direction around the valve and the steam-jet to the pointol' enit.

The rear end ot the valve-spindle B is ex posed, as shown, and provided with an arm, o, or otherwise t'ornied, so that it may be screwed readily forward and backward in re lation to the other parts.

It will he perceived that the oil is conipclled to fiow inward trein the annular space m around and in fronti of the end of the valve Spindle to reach the outlet 7.1, and that by charge may he reduced and the iiow et oil limited or varied at will without affect-ing the delivery of steanl which is controlled by the plu l). XVhen the end of the valve-spindle ahuts against the interior otI the cap, the oil-passage is entirely closed.

lVhen the device is in action, the stefan-jet is directed from the oritice 71 across the intervening space and outward through the orifice 7n into the combustion chamber or retort. The jet inducingr a strong; suction causes the oil to flow into the annular space in, and thence forward and inward to the center, where it en circles and encounters the steanrjet, b v which it linely atoinized, partlyvaporized, and projected in the t'orin ot a tine inist' a longl distance beyond the burner.

As the valve is highly heated liv the passage ot steam therethrmigh, the oil in contact with its outer surt'ace is raised to a high teniperatnire llelore reaching,r the place ol' atomization, and this is Afound to lle highly advantageous. A thorough practical experience has shown that the cavity g, affording an enlarged space or ehainher at the point where the steam and oil ineet, is of great advantage,

lOO

in that the burner provided therewith will atomize and deliver a much greater amount of oil than would otherwise be the case.

In order to permit the speedy and convenient removal of foreign matters which may nd their way with the oil into the interior of the burner, I provide the plug of the steamcock with a hole, t', and provide the body of the cock with a hole, b2, the two being arranged in such position that when the cock is turned, as shown in Fig. 4, to shut off the flow of steam, the holes b and b2 will register with each other and with the bore of the valve-spindle, so that a wire or other instrument may. be inserted freely through the burner-from end to end.

WhileI prefer to construct the cock of the angular form shown in the drawings. that is to say, with its inlet and outlet necks at right angles to each other-it is manifest that it may be constructed in any other suitable form.

In practice I commonly connect the cock A firmly to a fixed pipe and attach the cap C by means of a lug, c', on its under side to a base-plate or other iixed support, so .that the parts A and C are held in tired relations to each other.

I am aware that atomizing-burners have i been variously constructed with nozzles dil recting a jet ot steam through and beyond a l nozzle into which the oil is admitted; and I am aware that inthis class of devices the l chamber.

It is to be particularly noted as a peculiarity of my burner that the central steam-nozzle, B, has its cupped end G arranged when I in action in very close proximity to the inside of the cap or oil-conductor C, Under my arrangementof parts the oil is compelled to flow in a very thin annular l'llm inward to and around the steam-jet immediately adjacent to the point ot' emission.

The oil and steam are in my device first brought in contact with l each other at the point ot' discharge, and in i a very small space or chamber existing between the cupped or recessed end oi the tube and -the Vinside ot the cap (I. I find that in practice a great advantage attends this arrangement since the steam-jet is practically solid or unbroken at the point where it is brought in contact with the oil. The steam issuing' through the orifice 7L passes almost instantly and with slight expansion through the outer orifice, 7.', flowing in the meantime through the thin film or stratum of oil.

In practice I nd that by adjusting the forward end of the steam-tube, as shown,so that it almost touches the cap C at the forward end, and by using in connection With the tube thus adjusted the cavity g, I am enabled to secure a thorough admixture of the steam and oil, and to deliver the same in quantities much greater than would otherwise be possible.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. In an atomizing oil-burner, the central steam-conducting pipe having' the end cavity, g, and the central delivery-oriiice, h, in combination with the inclosing-cap C, having the oil-inlet n, and the contracted front end With the central delivery-orifice, la, of less diameter than cavity' g, said cap adjusted with its een, tracted end in close proximity to the end of the steam-pipe, whereby the oil is ,directed inward in a thin annular film to the central u nexpanded steam-j et.

2. The external cap having an oil-inlet and the contracted end with the discharge-ori.- ce il: at its extremity, in combination With the internal steam-pipe terminating in close proximity to the end of the cap and provided with the central orilice, h, and with an end cavity, g.

3. The cock having the cylindrical pipe a and external thread, e, 'the cap C, provided with the inlet and outlet orifices and with the internal screw-threads, in combination With the intermediate pipe, B, itted and threaded closely within the cap C, and also itted and threaded closely upon the outside of the pipe a., whereby said pipe B is adapted to maintain the proper relation of the other parts and also to serve as a valve for regulating the oil-delivery.

4. In an atomizin g-burner, the central steampipe and the external cap having its deliveryorifice coincident with the bore of the steampipe, in combination-with the cock comprising thev body, with thelateral steam-inlet .and the direct opening b2, and the rot-ary plug having the angular steam-passage therethrough, and the opening h', forminga continuationY of said passage, whereby the steam may be directed through the burner or the steam shut ott, and an opening established through the burner from end to end for the passage of a cleans in g-instru m ent therethrough.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set .my hand, this 23d day of February, 1888, in the presence ci? two attesting witnesses.

ANDRElV J. PIERCE.

W iincsses:

J. E. DODGE, M. J. Eltern. 

